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        供需形勢將(jiang)更寬松

 ———2016年全國電力供需形(xing)勢分析預測

 譚顯(xian)東 吳姍姍 單葆國 王向

 上(shang)半(ban)年(nian)(nian),全(quan)(quan)國電力需求增(zeng)長好于(yu)年(nian)(nian)初(chu)預(yu)期,發電裝機保持快(kuai)速增(zeng)長,電力供(gong)需形勢總體(ti)寬(kuan)松。下半(ban)年(nian)(nian)及(ji)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)電力供(gong)需形勢又將如(ru)何?本文(wen)對此進行了研判。總體(ti)來(lai)(lai)看,考(kao)慮到今年(nian)(nian)以(yi)來(lai)(lai)的新情況,預(yu)計2016年(nian)(nian)電力需求增(zeng)速將上(shang)升至3.5%左右,電力供(gong)應仍保持快(kuai)速增(zeng)長,全(quan)(quan)國電力供(gong)需形勢將更為寬(kuan)松。

 電力(li)需求增速平穩回(hui)升,全年增速為3.5%左右

 上半年,我國電(dian)力需求總體呈向(xiang)好態勢,全(quan)社(she)會用電(dian)量達到(dao)2.78萬億千瓦時(shi),同比(bi)增長2.7%,增速比(bi)上年同期回升1.4個百分點(dian),比(bi)去年全(quan)年回升2.2個百分點(dian),主要得益于(yu)工(gong)業生產企穩、日歷天(tian)數多1天(tian)以(yi)及一季(ji)度氣溫(wen)明顯(xian)偏(pian)低。

 下半(ban)年,中央(yang)將繼(ji)續實施積極的財(cai)政政策、穩健(jian)的貨幣政策,適度擴大總需求(qiu),以(yi)推進供給側結構性改革為主線,全面落實“三去(qu)一降一補(bu)”五(wu)大重點任務(wu),經(jing)濟總體保持平(ping)穩態勢,預計下半(ban)年經(jing)濟增速(su)為6.7%左右,全年經(jing)濟增速(su)在6.7%左右,“L”型(xing)特征(zheng)明顯。

 從重點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)看,主(zhu)要受限于(yu)產能過剩(sheng)  的(de)(de)(de)壓力,黑色(se)金屬、有色(se)金屬以及(ji)建材(cai)行業(ye)運行疲(pi)軟;化工(gong)行業(ye)由于(yu)產品分散,行業(ye)運行總(zong)體(ti)平穩。此(ci)外,“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路”、京津冀協同發展(zhan)、長(chang)江(jiang)經濟帶建設三大(da)國家戰略與城(cheng)市管廊建設的(de)(de)(de)實施,以及(ji)下調(diao)電(dian)價、開展(zhan)大(da)用戶直接交(jiao)易等一(yi)(yi)系列改革政策的(de)(de)(de)落實,將在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度上(shang)促進上(shang)述行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。總(zong)體(ti)來看,重點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)發展(zhan)形勢將比去(qu)年有所改善。

 從(cong)氣溫(wen)走勢(shi)看,夏季大(da)部分省份氣溫(wen)較常(chang)年(nian)同期偏(pian)高,將(jiang)帶(dai)動降(jiang)溫(wen)負(fu)荷較快增長。

 綜合考慮宏觀(guan)經濟運(yun)行(xing)、重點(dian)行(xing)業發展以及氣溫等因素(su),預計(ji)2016年下半(ban)年我(wo)國(guo)電力(li)需求(qiu)增(zeng)(zeng)速進一(yi)步回升(sheng)的概率較(jiao)大。采用國(guo)家電網公(gong)司電力(li)供需研究實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)模型測算,2016年全(quan)年全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用電量(liang)將達(da)到5.72~5.77萬億千瓦時,增(zeng)(zeng)速為3%～4%。其中,下半(ban)年全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用電量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)速為4.3%,2016年全(quan)年全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)用電量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)速為3.5%;分季度(du)看,四(si)個季度(du)增(zeng)(zeng)速分別(bie)為3.2%、2.1%、5.6%、2.9%;分部門看,第一(yi)、二、三產以及居民生活用電增(zeng)(zeng)速分別(bie)為6.4%、1.2%、10.8%和8.6%。

 新(xin)增(zeng)裝機規模創歷(li)史(shi)新(xin)高,清(qing)潔能源裝機比(bi)重明(ming)顯上升(sheng)

 上(shang)(shang)半年,全國新投(tou)運發電(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)5699萬千(qian)瓦,比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年同期多(duo)投(tou)1360萬千(qian)瓦。其中,新投(tou)水電(dian)(dian)437萬千(qian)瓦、火電(dian)(dian)2711萬千(qian)瓦、核電(dian)(dian)217萬千(qian)瓦、風(feng)電(dian)(dian)574萬千(qian)瓦、太陽能發電(dian)(dian)1760萬千(qian)瓦。截至6月(yue)底,全國6000千(qian)瓦及以上(shang)(shang)電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)15.2億千(qian)瓦,同比(bi)增長(chang)11.3%。

 預(yu)計2016年(nian)全國(guo)新(xin)增(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量達(da)到(dao)1.3億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)。其中(zhong),火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)5400萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1100萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)490萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),并網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3400萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),并網太陽能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)2700萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)。截至2016年(nian)底,全國(guo)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量將達(da)到(dao)16.4億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.7%。其中(zhong),水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3.3億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.5%,占(zhan)比(bi)為(wei)20.2%;火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)10.4億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)5.5%,占(zhan)比(bi)為(wei)63.8%;核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3209萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)18.1%,占(zhan)比(bi)為(wei)2.0%;并網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1.6億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)26.6%,占(zhan)比(bi)為(wei)9.9%;并網太陽能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)6830萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)64.2%,占(zhan)比(bi)為(wei)4.2%。清潔能(neng)(neng)源裝機(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量達(da)到(dao)5.93億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa),占(zhan)總裝機(ji)(ji)比(bi)重上(shang)升(sheng)至36.2%,比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)提高約1.9個百分點。

 從(cong)布局(ju)來(lai)看,新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)主要(yao)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)電(dian)(dian)網區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu),二(er)者占比分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為25%、23%;華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)、東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、西(xi)南(nan)和南(nan)方(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)網區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)全年(nian)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)發電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量分(fen)(fen)別(bie)約占全國新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)的(de)比重為13%、10%、8%、6%、15%。其中(zhong)(zhong),新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)水電(dian)(dian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)南(nan)電(dian)(dian)網和南(nan)方(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)網區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu),二(er)者合計(ji)占全國新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)水電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)的(de)62%;新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、南(nan)方(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)網區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu),分(fen)(fen)別(bie)占28%、19%、15%;新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)核電(dian)(dian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)東(dong)、東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)和南(nan)方(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)網區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu),分(fen)(fen)別(bie)占44%、20%、35%;新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)風電(dian)(dian)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)電(dian)(dian)網區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu),分(fen)(fen)別(bie)占30%、23%;新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)太陽(yang)能裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)集(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)、華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)電(dian)(dian)網區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu),分(fen)(fen)別(bie)占41%、25%。

 發電設備利(li)用小時數持續下降,全國電力供需形勢更(geng)為(wei)寬松,個別地區在高峰時段存在少量(liang)電力缺口

 上半年,全國發(fa)電設(she)備平均利(li)用(yong)(yong)小(xiao)時1797小(xiao)時,同(tong)比降低(di)138小(xiao)時,持(chi)續5年下降的態勢。其中,水電設(she)備平均利(li)用(yong)(yong)小(xiao)時1658小(xiao)時,同(tong)比增加146小(xiao)時;火電設(she)備平均利(li)用(yong)(yong)小(xiao)時1964小(xiao)時,同(tong)比降低(di)194小(xiao)時。

 預計2016年(nian)(nian)全國發電設(she)備平均(jun)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)數約為3760小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi),比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)約210小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi),其(qi)中火電設(she)備平均(jun)利用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)數為4040小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi),比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)約290小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi),進(jin)一步創改(gai)革開放以來(lai)新低。

 由于電(dian)(dian)力裝機增長明(ming)顯快(kuai)于需求,而且來水偏豐,電(dian)(dian)煤供(gong)應狀(zhuang)況較好,全國電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需形勢進一步寬松。分區域看,華(hua)北電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需平(ping)衡;華(hua)東(dong)(dong)、華(hua)中、南方(fang)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)需平(ping)衡有余;東(dong)(dong)北、西(xi)北、西(xi)南電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應存在(zai)大量(liang)富余。省級電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)中,僅河(he)北南部電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、山東(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、江蘇電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、安徽電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)受高溫影(ying)響,夏季高峰時段存在(zai)少量(liang)電(dian)(dian)力缺口(kou)。

 當前電力工業面(mian)臨的主要(yao)問題

 (一(yi))電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)工業總(zong)體(ti)供大于求(qiu)(qiu),東北(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)地區(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)富余(yu)程度進一(yi)步加(jia)(jia)劇(ju)。隨著我國(guo)經濟進入(ru)“新常(chang)態”,電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需求(qiu)(qiu)增長(chang)明顯放(fang)緩,由于缺(que)乏統籌的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)規(gui)劃指導,電(dian)(dian)(dian)源裝(zhuang)機仍舊保持快速增長(chang),使(shi)得全國(guo)多數地區(qu)存在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供應大于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)問題。2016年,東北(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網富余(yu)程度均(jun)比2015年有所加(jia)(jia)劇(ju)。

 (二)全國新增(zeng)煤(mei)電(dian)裝(zhuang)機保持(chi)較(jiao)大規模(mo),東中部(bu)地區新增(zeng)煤(mei)電(dian)依然較(jiao)多(duo)。近年來,發電(dian)企業投資的(de)積極性依然較(jiao)高,加之審批權下放后(hou),部(bu)分地方政府“穩增(zeng)長”要求(qiu),煤(mei)電(dian)新增(zeng)裝(zhuang)機仍保持(chi)較(jiao)大規模(mo),且布局不(bu)盡合理。預計2016年全國新增(zeng)煤(mei)電(dian)裝(zhuang)機  5100萬千(qian)瓦左右,其中東部(bu)、中部(bu)地區分別新增(zeng)約1300萬、1200萬千(qian)瓦,二者合計約占新增(zeng)裝(zhuang)機總量的(de)一半。

 (三)部分地(di)區可(ke)再生(sheng)能源發展過快(kuai),消(xiao)納問題日(ri)益突(tu)出。近年(nian)來,受運行機制不(bu)健全(quan)、電(dian)力需求增長放緩、系(xi)統調(diao)峰資源不(bu)足以(yi)及電(dian)力外送能力有限等因素影(ying)響,我國(guo)棄(qi)(qi)水(shui)、棄(qi)(qi)風(feng)、棄(qi)(qi)光規模持續攀升,但部分消(xiao)納困難的地(di)區仍大力發展可(ke)再生(sheng)能源。上(shang)(shang)半年(nian),全(quan)國(guo)棄(qi)(qi)風(feng)電(dian)量達到323億千瓦時,棄(qi)(qi)風(feng)率(lv)為21%,同比上(shang)(shang)升6個(ge)百分點。甘(gan)肅、新疆、吉林、內蒙古棄(qi)(qi)風(feng)率(lv)均超過30%。此外,西南地(di)區棄(qi)(qi)水(shui)、西北地(di)區棄(qi)(qi)光的規模也有所上(shang)(shang)升。

 (四)電力需(xu)求增(zeng)長(chang)緩慢(man),電力企(qi)業(ye)經營壓力進一步加大。對(dui)電網企(qi)業(ye)而言,受電力需(xu)求增(zeng)長(chang)緩慢(man)影響,售(shou)電量增(zeng)長(chang)乏力,加之(zhi)電力體制(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)將使售(shou)電市(shi)場(chang)競爭(zheng)加劇(ju),企(qi)業(ye)難以靠售(shou)電支撐收入(ru)、利(li)(li)潤的較快增(zeng)長(chang)。對(dui)發電企(qi)業(ye)而言,火電設備利(li)(li)用(yong)小時(shi)數持續下降,上(shang)網電價有(you)所下調,電煤(mei)價格(ge)上(shang)升,企(qi)業(ye)盈利(li)(li)空間進一步收縮(suo)。

 相關建議

 (一)加(jia)強(qiang)電力(li)統籌規(gui)劃,促進電力(li)工業健康發展。

 一是(shi)綜合考(kao)慮(lv)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)稟賦、環境空間(jian)、電(dian)力(li)需(xu)求(qiu)等因素,統(tong)一規(gui)劃(hua)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)電(dian)網的(de)發展目標、結構及(ji)布(bu)局,實現(xian)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)電(dian)網之間(jian)、電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)之間(jian)、中央(yang)與(yu)地方之間(jian)的(de)統(tong)籌規(gui)劃(hua)。二是(shi)統(tong)籌可(ke)再生能源(yuan)(yuan)開發與(yu)消納市場,科學確(que)定可(ke)再生能源(yuan)(yuan)項目規(gui)模和布(bu)局,同步規(gui)劃(hua)建(jian)設(she)調峰電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)、外送(song)通(tong)道。三是(shi)加快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)淮南(nan)—南(nan)京—上海等跨區(qu)(qu)輸(shu)電(dian)工程,盡快(kuai)核準后續工程,盡快(kuai)啟動一批項目前(qian)期工作,盡快(kuai)明確(que)送(song)端電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan),實現(xian)送(song)出工程與(yu)跨區(qu)(qu)輸(shu)電(dian)本體工程建(jian)設(she)進度(du)匹配。

 (二(er))嚴格控制煤電裝(zhuang)機規(gui)模(mo),促(cu)進煤電有(you)序發(fa)展。

 一是(shi)(shi)完善煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)風險預(yu)警機(ji)制,定期(qi)發布分省煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)風險預(yu)警提示,引導投資建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)預(yu)期(qi)。二是(shi)(shi)在京津冀、長三(san)角、珠(zhu)三(san)角等大(da)氣污(wu)染防治重點地區,不再安(an)排(pai)新增煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規劃建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)規模(mo),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)過剩地區要取(qu)消一批不具備(bei)核(he)準條件煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目、緩(huan)核(he)一批已(yi)納入規劃未核(he)準的煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目、緩(huan)建(jian)一批已(yi)核(he)準未開工的煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目,并盡快(kuai)明確取(qu)消、緩(huan)核(he)、緩(huan)建(jian)煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)目的具體清單。

 三是加大(da)淘汰(tai)落后(hou)機組(zu)力度,細化淘汰(tai)落后(hou)產能計劃,加強(qiang)監督管理(li)處理(li)。

 (三)行(xing)政與市場手段(duan)相結合,促進可再生能源消納。

 一(yi)是優化(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運行方式(shi),充分發(fa)揮電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)優勢,構建(jian)全國范圍內的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量平衡、調峰(feng)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)共(gong)享和各類資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)互(hu)補(bu)的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)平臺(tai),擴大(da)可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)范圍,提(ti)高可(ke)(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)比(bi)例。二是加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)和燃氣(qi)調峰(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站等靈(ling)活(huo)調節(jie)機(ji)組(zu)建(jian)設,加(jia)(jia)大(da)新能(neng)源(yuan)場站儲能(neng)設施(shi)建(jian)設等,提(ti)高系統調峰(feng)能(neng)力。三是完(wan)(wan)善市場化(hua)(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),研究(jiu)制(zhi)(zhi)定靈(ling)活(huo)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上網(wang)和負荷(he)側峰(feng)谷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),引導發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力用(yong)戶錯峰(feng)發(fa)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian);加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)立輔助服務(wu)市場,提(ti)高常規火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)參與(yu)調峰(feng)的(de)(de)積極性。四是進一(yi)步完(wan)(wan)善新能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)納(na)配合制(zhi)(zhi)度,棄能(neng)嚴(yan)重地(di)區要進一(yi)步加(jia)(jia)強對購電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)地(di)方政府的(de)(de)溝通與(yu)協(xie)調。

 ;(四(si))內部挖潛與市場開拓(tuo)并舉,實現電力企業提(ti)質增效(xiao)。

 一是(shi)加(jia)快結構性改革,淘汰落(luo)后產(chan)能(neng)、治理整合(he)虧損(sun)企業(ye)、強化(hua)成本管控、有(you)序轉讓非(fei)主業(ye)資產(chan),科學安排各類項目建設時(shi)序和(he)布局(ju)。二是(shi)積極推(tui)(tui)動電(dian)力(li)深化(hua)改革,適應新形勢(shi),做優主業(ye),防范風險(xian),提(ti)升企業(ye)經(jing)營效(xiao)益。三(san)是(shi)大力(li)推(tui)(tui)廣電(dian)能(neng)替代(dai),挖掘電(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)長潛力(li),促進各領域電(dian)氣化(hua)水平的(de)提(ti)升以及社會節能(neng)減排。四是(shi)加(jia)強與“一帶一路”沿線國家的(de)合(he)作,開(kai)拓(tuo)國際(ji)市場,拓(tuo)展利(li)潤增(zeng)(zeng)長點(dian)。